Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Talash Anna
Articles in journal: (total 16)
The information about adaptive potential of different grapes varieties in the conditions of critical negative air temperatures in winter period and influence of anthropogenic factors on grapes resistance to stresses is presented. Agricultural and technical methods purposeful of resistance increasing and recovery of grapes plants injured from frosts are given
In the agric and ecological conditions of Russia South the most adaptive roto clones of Aligote grapes are allocated. The difference between proto clones resistance to abiotic and biotic factors of planting environmental are established.
Resistance of grapes to gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers) is established on the basis of long-term studies of Anapas ampelographical collection gene pool the groups of varieties with different resistance depending on the ecological and geographical origin are allocated.
Resistance of grapes to bacterial cancer (agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith et Town.) Conn) is established on the basis of long-term studies of Anapas ampelographical collection gene pool, the groups of varieties with different resistance depending on the ecological, geographical and genetic origin are allocated.
The purpose of research is the improving of protection system of vineyards against a grapes berry moth, considering her bioecology, the weather anomalies and the elements of agricultural technologies. The results of the author long-term inspections of vineyards of Krasnodar Region on population of grapes berry moth are presented in the article, the dynamics of change of its injuriousness is shown, the biological features of vermin's development in the covered and uncovered zones of wine growing with the varieties of various terms of maturing are specified. It is established that the temperature within +15+30 C is necessary for normal development of the vermin and the relative humidity of air more than 50 %. In winter the moth there is in a pupa stage on a grapes bush. During the winter in the uncovered zone of viticulture for various reasons from 15 to 35 % of pupas were dead, and in the covered zone from 40 to 86 %. In the last 5-6 years these indicators have been decreased from 3 to 30 % and from 35 to 75%, respectively. It is noted that at death over 50 % of pupas during the winter period the other approach to protection of vineyards against the vermins is necessary. It is shown that the viability and the fertility of a grapes berry moth depends on weather conditions. At sharp decrease in air temperature to +5... +10 C the pair individuals don't occur, and in time of long (7-10 days) period of temperature increasing the posterity is impractical. The phytosanitary condition of grapes orchards also exerts impact on the injuriousness of caterpillars: the grapes bunches with oidium the grapes berry moth doesn't occupy. In this case the correction of terms and frequency rate of application of biological preparations or insecticides is necessary. In the article the recommendations which need to be followed for receiving of ecologically safe grapes harvest are given.