Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Bogatyreva Svetlana
Articles in journal: (total 13)
The results of breeding of plum domestic in the South of Russian Federation are presented in this article. Objects of research are the 7 plum varieties of breeding of the North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture growing on the base of Experimental and Production Farming "Centralnoye" (Krasnodar). The modern programs and techniques of breeding and variety's study of fruit, berry and nut bearing crops are used in the article. It is shown, that not all of zoned plum varieties fully answer ecological conditions of various zones of cultivation and the modern requirements of steady increase in planting's productivity and economic efficiency of fruit production. Using a wide diversity of genetic traits in the NCRRIH&V collection, the new plum varieties were obtained. These varieties are a basis for expansion of the existing assortment of this culture in the South of Russia and for the further breeding work. It is noted that the created plum varieties of local breeding Prikubanskaya, Krasnodarskaya, Milena, Podruga, Gertsog, Krasotka, Charodeyka surpass the introduced and a number of standard varieties on the following traits: adaptability (drought resistance, winter hardiness, resistance to diseases), efficiency (fast fruit bearing, introduction of trees to fructification, productivity), quality of fruits (the weight and the size of a fruit, biochemical structure, a tasting assessment). In the presented article the total characteristic is given to the new plum varieties of domestic selection, which transferred to the State test and included in the State register of breeding achievements allowed for a wide industrial use under the conditions of the North Caucasus. 3 patents for plum varieties (Gertsog, Podruga, Milena, Krasotka) are the result of the conducted breeding research.
Perspective varieties and hybrids of a plum home having economically valuable traits that are recommended for adaptive technolo-gies of cultivation and selection use are pre-sented in article.
The donors and sources of valuable traits that are recommended for breeding programs to improve varieties and perspective plum, cherry and sweet cherry varieties for industrial production in the south of Russia conditions are allocated