Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Alehina Elena


Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, associated professor

Articles in journal: (total 23)

pdf
623 Кб
11 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 14.05.2018
UDC: 634.1:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2018-3-51-23-33
Keywords: SWEET CHERRY, VARIETIES, HYBRIDS, BREEDING, SIGNS, INITIAL FORMS

Annotation

In spite of the effectiveness of breeding and the availability of new zoned sweet cherry varieties in the different regions, the problems of the improving the existing assortments are still relevant. In this regard, it is necessary, among the variety diversity, to search for a valuable source material created under various environmental conditions. The article presents the results of long term work for the breeding of sweet cherry culture in the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making. Priority spheres of breeding study are shown, the main of which are: breeding for winter hardiness, resistance to the main fungal diseases, early and late ripening, improving the quality and marketability of fruits. In the process of the study carried out, the value of initial forms of different ecological-geographical origin was determined when creating the new sweet cherry varieties with valuable breeding and economic characteristics. Based on the results of the work done, the promising combinations of crosses that enhance the effectiveness of breeding work have been revealed. A positive example of the use of introduced varieties of sweet cherry of different ecological origins in hybridization is the new varieties obtained in the NCFSCHVW Mak, Dar Izobilia (Melitopolskaya Chior-naya Franzuskaya Chiornaya), Sashenka (Kavkazskaya x Melitopolskaya Chiornaya), Utro Kubani (Kavkazskaya x Franzuskaya Chiornaya). The necessity of sweet cherry varieties introduction of different ecological-geographical origin for carrying out an effective breeding is proved. With the use of introduced sweet cherry varieties in the breeding process, a group of new sweet cherry varieties has been identified, which make it possible to optimize the assortment in the conditions of Southern gardening. It is shown that there are big reserves in the region for improving and replenishing the standard assortment with local varieties well adapted to growing conditions and with fruits of high taste qualities.

How to cite
Alehina E. INTRODUCTION OF SWEET CHERRY VARIETIES TO SOLVE THE PRIORETY BREEDING TASKS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2018. № 51(3). pp. 23–33. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/18/03/03.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2018-3-51-23-33 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
186 Кб
11 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 15.03.2014
UDC: 634.2: 631.52(471.63)
Keywords: SWEET CHERRY, VARIETIES, FLOWERS, FRUITS, REDUCTION, TEMPERATURE, WINTER HARDINESS

Annotation

The results of research of the impact of varietal characteristics and weather conditions for the implementation of the potential productivity of sweet cherries plants are presented. Biological productivity potential of most sweet cherry varieties allows them to receive the high annual yields, which full realization is prevented by insufficient winter hardiness of plants, especially of fruit buds. In the southern zone of the industrial cultivation of sweet cherry in winter period the considerable damage of generative buds is observed at a temperature -24 to 25 C, the critical temperatures minimum for sweet cherry varieties 26,0 C. It is necessary to select the varieties of sweet cherries, capable to form a high resistance to temperature extremes of winter-spring period taking into consideration the climate features of the fruit zone of Krasnodar territory. It is the purpose of our conducted researches. As a result, the critical temperatures are set at different phases of fruit buds development are established. The degree of reduction of the elements of fruiting on the final stages of productivity formation is defined. The group of varieties that can fully realize the biological potential in fruit yield is allocated. The long-term assessment of winter hardiness of trees in the fruit plantings revealed the advantage of sweet cherry varieties of breeding of the North Caucasian Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture.

How to cite
Alehina E., Dolya Y. THE INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE AND WEATHER CONDITIONS OF WINTER-SPRING PERIOD ON THE REALIZATION OF PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF CHERRIES VARIETIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 26(2). pp. 1–11. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/02/01.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
188 Кб
16 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 15.03.2016
UDC: 634.1:631.52
Keywords: SWEET-CHERRY, HYBRIDS, BREEDING, VARIETY'S STUDY

Annotation

In the southern zone of fruit growing in recent years among the stone fruit crops one of the leading places is occupied by sweet cherry. However the variety structure of sweet cherry industrial plantings often doesn't correspond to scientific recommendations. The analysis of industrial assortment in the gardens of the region showed that 40% is a share of the zoned varieties, 60% is a share of the varieties which didn't pass variety's study in a cultivation zone. The results of long-term work on breeding and variety study of sweet cherry crop in the North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture are presented in this article. The priority directions of breeding research are shown, basic directions of which are: breeding on winter hardiness, resistance to the main fungal diseases, biological efficiency, early and late terms of maturing, improvement of quality and commodity of fruits. Value of initial forms at various stages of creation of new varieties is established. By results of research the donors and the sources of valuable traits which are recommended for use in various breeding programs directed on improvement of varieties are selected. Also the perspective varieties of sweet cherry for industrial production of fruits under the conditions of the South of Russia for intensive technologies of cultivation are recommended. As a result of breeding work with use of a wide diversity of genetic traits in the collection of NCRRIH&V the new varieties allowed to create the conveyor of receiving of high-quality fruits of sweet cherry in the southern zone of gardening within 1,5 months (May-June) were created, 8 varieties from which pass the State test, 12 varieties are included in the State Register of breeding achievements in a zone of the North Caucasus.

How to cite
Alehina E. MOBILIZATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SWEET CHERRY VARIETIES FOR USE IN THE DECISION OF PRIORITY TASKS OF BREEDING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 38(2). pp. 31–46. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/02/03.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
971 Кб
11 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 15.03.2018
UDC: 634.2:631.52 (471.63)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2018-2-50-13-23
Keywords: ADAPTABILITY, PRODUCTIVITY, SWEET CHERRY VARIETIES, YIELD CAPASITY

Annotation

The main parameters determining the biological productivity of sweet cherry varieties that are promising in the Southern zone of horticulture are studied. The comparative estimation of realization degree of the varieties biological potential is given depending on climatic factors. Potential possibilities of cherry varieties productivity are determined and the main factors influencing their realization are revealed at each stage of plant organogenesis. The main type of sweet cherry fruiting is established on shortened fruit formations (bouquet branches) and annual shoot (single fruit buds). In the predominant quantity (71 %) on the cherry trees, bouquet branches are formed. Dependence of age and productivity of each bouquet branch is shown as the age increases, the number of laid fruiting elements (fruit buds) decreases. The most productive (the maximum number of fruit buds are laid) are bouquet branches of one-two-year-old age. On an annual shoot, an almost equal ratio of fruit (54 %) and growth (46 %) buds was noted. The most productive part of the skeletal branch is revealed it is two-three-year-old fruit wood, the main part (63,6 % of the total number of fruit buds) of the cherry harvest is formed on them. We have distinguished the cherry varieties Alaya, Anons, Volshebnica, Melitopol Black, capable of more even distribution of fruiting elements when they are formed on branches of different ages. It is shown that the productivity of cherry directly depends on the number of laid flowers in each fruit bud. In cherry varieties the number of flowers per tree can reach 5, on average one fruit bud lays 2,3-3,3 flowers. As a result of the carried out research, the donors of productivity, combining the high biological productivity with a high degree of its realization, expressed in the productivity of the variety, were selected.

How to cite
Alehina E., Dolya Y. BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF SWEET-CHERRY VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH GARDENING ZONE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2018. № 50(2). pp. 13–23. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/18/02/02.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2018-2-50-13-23 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
140 Кб
12 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 15.05.2012   Informregistr code: 04212001/0032
UDC: 634.1:631.52
How to cite
Zaremuk R., Alehina E., Bogatyreva S., Dolya Y. ROLE OF GENETI COLLECTION IN THE CREATION OF NEW VARIETIES OF STONE FRUIT CROPS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2012. № 15(3). pp. 32–43. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/12/03/04.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).